Glass Patents UK class 56 - 1871

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Category: Patents UK
Published on Friday, 16 May 2008 16:54
Written by Frank Andrews
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PATENTS FOR INVENTIONS. ABRIDGMENTS OF SPECIFICATIONS

CLASS 56, GLASS. — From Bound volume 1855-1900, printed 1905

Patents have been granted in all cases, unless otherwise stated. Drawings accompany the Specification where the abridgment is illustrated and also where the words Drawings to Specification follow the date.

{Glass-Study: Redrawn images are ©2008 F. E. Andrews. Layout ©2008 Glass-Study.com (F Andrews). All text is in the public domain. Pagination is ignored as only reference needed for citation is year and Patent Number.}

A.D. 1871.
Patent Abridgment 1871 207

207. Pilkington, W. W. Jan. 26.

Blowing. — Fig. 2 shows a plan of a wheeled framework f for supporting a blowing-tube with the glass attached, and allowing motion to be given to the tube &c. as required. The framework f is supported on wheels d, preferably running on rails b, and is prevented from canting by a rail c. All the working parts are connected to a shaft g free to turn in its bearings. The blower's tube i is secured by catches j in bearings at the inner end of the shaft g, which may then be rocked to impart swinging motion to the cylinder or other article being blown. The sleeve l is rotated by means of a pulley m, and transmits motion through bevel-wheels n and o to the shaft p, which acts through wheels q, ql to rotate the blower's tube i and the article being blown. The tube i is provided with collars k, kl to prevent slipping during swinging. Compressed air may be supplied from the rubber tube r through the shaft g and tubes rl, r2, the supply being regulated by a valve s; the piece r2 may be withdrawn from the tube i, and the operator's mouth applied. In another modification, the tube i is rotated by hand.

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Patent Abridgment 1871 287

287. Mottram, J. R., [Clive, W.]. Feb. 2.

Cutting glass. — A small wheel C of steel or other hard material is bevelled off on each side from the centre, and revolves freely on an axle D mounted in a swivelling foot-piece B attached to an ordinary handle. The tool is used similarly to a glazier's diamond.

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Patent Abridgment 1871 466

466. Foster, F. Feb. 22. [Provisional protection only.]

Bottle necks, making. — The tongs for moulding the neck of the bottle are provided with a screwed spindle between the jaws for forming an internal screw-thread on the neck of the bottle to receive a screw stopper. When the jaws are closed on the bottle neck and the bottle is rotated, the plastic glass is pressed into the screw-thread, the screwed spindle being mounted on a swivel so that it turns with the bottle while the jaws of the tongs remain stationary. When the jaws are opened, the screwed spindle is locked to the jaws by a pin, and the tongs can then be unscrewed from the bottle. When an external screw-thread is to be formed on the bottle neck, an internally-screwed socket is used instead of the jaws of the tongs, and a plunger is forced into the bottle neck to compress the glass into the screw-thread.

Patent Abridgment 1871 476

476. Haseltine, G.,
[Spénard, T., and Letourneux, C. H.]. Feb. 23.

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Cutting glass. — A glass cutter, consisting of a small steel disc b with a double-bevelled edge, is fixed in the metal end f of a pocket knife, as shown.

Patent Abridgment 1871 1121

1121. Robinson, P., Robinson, W., and Skinner, C.
April 27. [Provisional protection only.]

Moulding; ornamenting. — Consists in moulding or pressing a glass frame, for "plateaux," mirrors, and pictures, in one piece, the proper curvature being ensured by allowing it to cool in the mould or by re-heating and re-pressing it. The surface may be ornamented by coloured glasses fitted in parts of the moulds or pressing-plates.

Patent Abridgment 1871 1291

1291. Richardson, J. T. H. May 13.
Drawings to Specification.

Materials for lenses for signal lamps. The glass is formed of 140 parts of sand, 10 of lime, 20 of fluor-spar, and 60 of soda ash, with one of coal or coke dust as a colouring-material; or, instead of carbon, iron and manganese may be used. The peculiar colour produced may afterwards be changed into a more perfect ruby by staining.

Patent Abridgment 1871 1570

1570. Libbey, W. L., [Bowie, S. R.]. June 14.
[Provisional protection only.]

Moulding. — A mould male in two sections, with a series of peripheral rollers and provided with mechanism for opening and closing it, is rotated by suitable mechanism, to form the outer surface of a blown glass article. A stationary axial bed shapes the bottom of the article.

Patent Abridgment 1871 1664

1664. Libbey, H., [Bowie, S. R.]. June 24.

Blowing; moulding. — Fig. 2 shows apparatus for making cylindrical glass jars and other articles with curved surfaces. The two sections B of the iron, steel, &c. mould are mounted on a plate A and attached to slides C, Cl, so as to be movable to or from each other. The table D supports a stationary bottom former E provided with a spindle a, which extends through a sleeve P and is stepped in a plate G. Inside the mould are a series of vertical rollers e, to form the sides of the moulded article, the axes of the rollers being arranged in a circle, concentric with the axis of the bottom former E. Each roller rotates both on its own axis and on the common axis of the mould. Instead of the rollers, a series of stationary curved uprights, or alternate rollers and uprights, may be used. Each roller may have a pinion on its lower end to engage with a rack on the periphery of the bottom former E; or the rollers may be driven by simple friction against the edge of the plate E. The plate E having been placed upon the centralizing-boss D, the glass blower deposits upon it a mass of molten glass borne upon the end of his pipe. The two parts of the mould are closed, and the operator blows the glass in the ordinary way, the mould being rotated by the crank N acting through bevel wheels K, L, or by a motor. The article is then removed, the mould being opened by pressing a hand-lever which acts through a bent lever on a sliding collar attached to the collar O, which slides freely on the sleeve F and is connected to the slides C, C1 by levers c, c1, c11, d, d1, d11, arranged as shown.

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Patent Abridgment 1871 1772

1772. Willson, T. A. July 6.

Stained glass; moulding; pressing. — Tinted or coloured lenses for spectacles or eyeglasses are made of uniform tint for different thicknesses by graduating the alloy or colouring-matter, and are made to appear colourless to the wearer. Lighter or darker pink tints are obtained by mixing in various proportions white optical glass, "manganese," and "chromium." The composition is cast in a mould, annealed, re-heated, and flattened endwise by pressure, and annealed again, and is ready to be worked into lenses. The method of pressing brings the grain into a position rendering the glass apparently colourless to the wearer.

Patent Abridgment 1871 1862

1862. Cadman, W. July 17.

Transparent materials. — Relates to the production of transparent ornamental patterns with or without opaque or body colours on parts thereof, on paper, calico, or other fabric or paper with a thin open back of calico &c., the invention being applicable to window blinds, screens, and similar articles. Oil, body, or transparent or other colours or inks may be applied, as in ordinary calico printing. The transparent colours are preferably lakes, siennas, blues, and verdigris. The colours are mixed with boiled oil and driers. The blotch or ground of a paper blind &c. is preferably printed by surface rollers, as in making paperhangings. The coloured pattern which is to be transparent is then printed on by blocks, preferably of wood covered with unprepared felt, or by similarly-covered surface rollers, or by a chromotype, stencilling, or other process. In the case of fabric or partly-fabric blinds &c., the blotch-printing part is preferably omitted. After printing on the part to be made transparent, parts thereof are covered by printing on opaque or body colours. Varnish, oil, or other liquid is then applied by blocks or rollers with unprepared felt, or the material is run through varnish, to produce the transparency. The varnish &c. may be applied before the colours. The colours may be mixed with varnish or gold size, to dispense with separate varnishing &c.

Patent Abridgment 1871 2183

2183. Stenger, L. Aug. 19.
[Letters Patent void for want of Final Specification.]

Flattening. — In flattening window glass, cylinders, cut longitudinally and heated in a furnace or oven, are taken out by forceps and held in a vertical position, to flatten until cool enough to stand without bending.

Patent Abridgment 1871 2212

2212. Codd, H. Aug. 22.

Bottle necks, making. — The tongs employed for shaping the outsides of the necks of bottles are fitted with arms having projections A, Fig. 4, for making the internal groove in which a washer of cork or india-rubber is placed to form the seating for the internal ball stopper. The arms become closed together when the limbs of the tongs are separated, and vice versâ.

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Patent Abridgment 1871 2433

2433. Sowerby, J. G. Sept. 15.

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Ornamenting. — The outer surfaces of vases and other articles made of pressed glass are ornamented with designs in glass of a different colour to that forming the body of the article. The ornament is formed in a suitable mould B having a counter-balanced false bottom C and a plunger A; the plunger and mould have corresponding bevelled edges a, b, by which all surplus metal is cut off from the casting. Directly the ornament is pressed the section of the mould containing it is fitted in the mould in which the article is to be pressed, this mould being constructed to receive it in the requisite position for ornamenting the article. The fused metal is then run into the mould and pressed to shape, during which operation the ornament becomes incorporated with the surface of the article. The ornament may be made in sections in one or several moulds.

Patent Abridgment 1871 2447

2447. Brooke, W. Sept. 16.

Bottle necks, making. — The necks of glass, earthenware, and like bottles are grooved internally, to receive a washer of cork or other material, by means of dies 1 formed on arms h fixed to the limbs of the tongs ordinarily used for shaping the outside of the neck. The dies fit into a slot in the mandrel g, and are protruded when the tongs are closed on the neck.

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Patent Abridgment 1871 2668

2668. Johnson, J. H., [French, A.]. Oct. 9.

Feet and the like, attaching. — Relates to means for attaching glass vessels to metal bases, supports, or stands. Figs. 2 and 3 show a glass vessel A provided with a screw thread a for screwing into a spun metal base b. A threaded socket may be formed in the vessel, and a standard or base screwed therein, as shown in Fig. 8. Other arrangements may be made for attaching lamp reservoirs to stands, brackets, or suspension devices.

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Patent Abridgment 1871 2972

2972. Townsend, C, and Rollason, A. Nov. 4.

Transparent and translucent materials. — Glazed and unglazed calicoes, linens, shirtings, jaconets, silks, papers, and other fabrics are rendered transparent or semi-transparent, and waterproof or semi-waterproof, by saturation with hydrocarbon oils, such as petroline, paraffin, or benzoline, separately or combined, or with these in conjunction with gums, resins, oils, and soap, separately or combined. The proportions may be such as to render the fabrics adhesive, as in the case of surgical plasters, or an adhesive may be spread upon the saturated fabrics, this adhesive consisting of isinglass or gelatine, alone or combined, or of gums, resins, and soaps, alone or combined, dissolved by any of the hydrocarbons referred to, or by alcohol, methylated spirit, or wood or other naphtha; or crude melted or dissolved plasters may be spread upon the transparent fabrics. Sheets of collodion or collodion compounds may be rendered adhesive by spreading upon them the plaster solutions or solutions of isinglass and gelatine. A mixture of benzene and resin, with a small quantity of wax, is given as an example of the saturating-material; this mixture may also be spread upon the saturated fabrics, or upon the fabrics which have not been saturated. Stearin, balsams, tallow, paraffin, soap, &c. may take the place of the wax. The treated fabrics may be rendered additionally waterproof by coating them with collodion or compounds of collodion, gums, resins, oils, &c., as described in Specification No. 2249, A.D. 1860.

Patent Abridgment 1871 3109

3109. Clark, A. M., [Argy, E. A. G. d']. Nov. 16.

Transparent and translucent materials. — A white or coloured impermeable material of a translucid nature, which may be employed as a substitute for glass in church and other windows, and street and other lamps, and for making blinds, marquees, shades, and other purposes, is composed of iron, copper, or other metal wire gauze on which several coats of varnish, of a supple, transparent, and impervious nature and having a gummy or resinous base, such as copal, mastic, or sandarac, boiled linseed oil, or drying-oils, or other coating are applied, preferably by immersion or with the aid of a brush. The varnish &c. fills the interstices of the gauze. The material may also be applied for making vessels for holding liquids, such as drinking-cups, goblets, tubs, and pails, in which case an opaque varnish or coating insoluble in water may be used. The coverings of garden chairs and seats, bags, trunks, and travelling equipments may be made of this material, and may be printed or ornamented with patterns or designs, a coating of india-rubber being first applied on the varnish to receive the colours which are printed in the ordinary way. One or more coatings of the varnish &c. may be applied to protect the patterns. According to the Provisional Specification, a layer of some silicate is applied, then a layer of copal varnish, gum sandarac, gum lac, or other resin, next a layer of spirit varnish, such as Shoënce varnish, to give the desired colour, and, lastly, a waterproof coating of white oil varnish composed of hard resin. The parts of articles made of the material are either fitted together by turning over the edges or united by soldering.

Patent Abridgment 1871 3329

3329. Webb, T. G. Dec. 9. [Provisional protection only.]

Moulding. — In making glasses for port and starboard lights and other signal lamps, moulds are used for both surfaces, and the metal is pressed between them. The bottom mould is formed with sides for the rise of the "metal," the sides in the glasses being afterwards removed by cutting or grinding.