Glass Patents UK class 56 - 1870

PATENTS FOR INVENTIONS. ABRIDGMENTS OF SPECIFICATIONS

CLASS 56, GLASS. — From Bound volume 1855-1900, printed 1905

Patents have been granted in all cases, unless otherwise stated. Drawings accompany the Specification where the abridgment is illustrated and also where the words Drawings to Specification follow the date.

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A.D. 1870.

Patent Abridgment 1870 600

600. George, B. G. March 1. Drawings to Specification.

Transparencies. — Relates to the production of show tablets and lettering and ornamental designs on glass &c. for pictures, transparencies, &c. The design or lettering is lithographed and printed on transfer paper, and, when dry, one or more coats of colour for the ground, preferably white, are placed over the coloured design, and the whole is then transferred to a sheet of glass or other material which has been rendered sticky by oil or varnish, so that the design on the transfer paper has the white or other colour as a ground. The design and ground may be printed on separate sheets of paper and transferred one after the other, or the ground may be printed directly on the glass &c. In forming dark grounds, one or more layers of white colours are placed over the design before placing on it the dark ground, or the various colours may be printed separately and transferred. The sheet of glass with the transferred design is passed through a rolling-machine, and varnished and stoved. For black or coloured grounds with light-coloured design, the light colour may be printed on the design alone. Parts are embossed as required. To give bright metallic surfaces, the colour required is produced by applying gold-coloured or silver-coloured lacquer or varnish, the surface being uncovered or covered only by transparent colour. For gold or other metallic effects on glass, the metal leaf is applied to the uncovered parts of the glass after transference of the printed work to the glass sheet. This method is also used to form borders for the tablets &c., and the borders may afterwards be embossed or stamped up. The tablets &c. may be mounted on cardboard and framed and glazed. The transferred design may also be treated by flocking or by the operation described in Specification No. 8, A.D. 1869, [Abridgment Class Fabrics, Dressing &c.].

Patent Abridgment 1870 1420

1420. Webb, T. G. May 17.

Moulding; pressing. — Glass articles, in which a hole is to be pierced or partially pierced by a plug, are moulded between a plug d. Fig. 1, having a hollow e up which the superfluous glass passes, and a mould a. The usual scollop c is provided. A very thin ring, which is easily severed, is formed at f. In a modification, the superfluous glass passes through a hollow in the mould and its base.

Finishing. — The edges and other parts of glass articles are ground or glazed by pressing them against a rotating iron, stone, wood, &c. surface i, Fig. 3, coated with grinding or polishing materials. The surface i may be grooved to suit the shape of the glass article.

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Patent Abridgment 1870 1773

1773. Neville, S. June 22.

Pressing. — In order to make plates or sheets of glass, molten glass is deposited on a table, and, while still plastic, is pressed out to the required size and thickness, by means of a plate or plates which is caused to descend, and press evenly upon it.

Patent Abridgment 1870 1819

1819. Gedge, W. E., [Blau, G.]. June 27.
[Provisional protection not allowed.]

Cutting glass. — The apparatus is described as applied to the drilling of a glass bowl 15 secured by a strap 16 in a vertically-adjustable holder 18. The tool spindles 12 are mounted in sliding "wings or flyers" 6 which are kept up to the work by a weighted cord 10 and regulated by an adjustable stop 31. Receptacles 26 are provided for a "mordant," which is kept in a liquid state by rotary beaters 28.

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Patent Abridgment 1870 1902

1902. Hoffman, J. W., and Harrison, F. A. July 5. [Provisional protection only.]

Attaching glass to metal. — Relates to the attachment of heads or blanks of china, glass, or the like to metal, in the manufacture of buttons, studs, or other attachments for dress, knobs for doors and drawers, chair nails, harness mounts, and other ornamental articles. The rough backs of the heads are covered with a flux consisting of powdered silica, lead oxide, and either potash or borax, mixed with a volatile oil, or water. After the flux has been dried and burnt on, a second backing of lead or other metal is applied, and the shank, nail, &c. is soldered thereto. Two heads or blanks may be similarly soldered together. By this process the grinding, cutting, and polishing of the back are avoided.

Patent Abridgment 1870 2201

2201. Pilkington, W. W. Aug. 8.
[Provisional protection only]

Blowing. — In forming sheet glass, a tube, formed in two or more parts, and lined with cork, felt, or similar substance, carries the blowpipe, and is enclosed within another tube, provided with, an axis, rotated by spur gearing, or by pulleys and bands. The apparatus is suspended, by radial arms or otherwise, so as to be capable of a swinging, as well as a rotary, motion. The blow pipe may be supplied with compressed air.

Patent Abridgment 1870 2284

2284. Balmain, W. H. Aug. 18.
[Provisional protection only.]

Materials. — Caustic soda and potash are used in place of the carbonates of those metals. They are mixed in the manner usual with the carbonates; or they are mixed roughly, the mixture being fritted and re-ground; or the alkali is previously fritted, melted, or otherwise combined, with a portion of the ingredients, and the product subsequently mixed with the remainder.

Patent Abridgment 1870 2529

2529. Couper, J., and Richardson, W. H. Sept. 20. Drawings to Specification.

Blowing; moulding; pressing. — Lenses and re flectors for lamps and pavement and roof lights are formed with special arrangements of "dioptric" rings and prismoidal projections, by pressing or blowing glass into moulds of the required shape.

Patent Abridgment 1870 2960

2960. Webb, T. G. Nov. 10.

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Moulding; pressing. — In the manufacture of articles of pressed glass, the metal is placed in the mould e carried on a platform c sliding on guides b. The pulley handle v is turned to cause the screw u to descend with the plate g, to which the "scollop" f is bolted, the bolts passing through thimbles i and slots so as to be adjustable to different sizes of "scollops." The lever handle s, connected by rods to a cross-bar o, is then turned to force the plug m through a central hole in the plate g into the mould e. The plug m is attached to a rod n, which passes freely through the screw u and is fixed to the usual crosshead o. In a modification, a boss with a wedge-shaped feather passes through a stationary bar, through which also extends a screw which is turned by a handle to cause it to grip the feather firmly while the plug is in the mould. The plug is raised by the handle s until it is free of the "scollop," by which time the cross-bar o carrying the rod n and plug m strikes against the crosshead carrying the "scollop." The screw is then loosened from the boss, and any further motion of the handle s causes the "scollop" to be lifted from the mould.

On again commencing operations, the crosshead o is depressed by turning the handle s, and the "scollop" crosshead follows it by its own weight.

Patent Abridgment 1870 2970

2970. Tuddenham, S., and Eyre, A. R. Nov. 11.

Ornamenting. — Rods of glass, singly or in groups, are twisted while soft by mechanism comprising a revolving chuck and a stationary holder, such as is described in Specifications No. 1739, A.D. 1867, and No. 2016. A.D. 1870, [Abridgment Class Metals, Cutting &c.]. A trough or other support is provided for the rods during twisting. The rods may be twisted from one end only or from both ends simultaneously in the same or opposite directions, the centre portion being fixed, if desired. Tubes may be twisted in the same way for use for gas brackets or arms &c. The rods should have one or more longitudinal ribs or projections of angular or curvilinear cross-section, and ornamental knobs, bosses, or socket pieces of metal, glass, or porcelain may be secured to the heated rods &c. either before or after twisting. The ornamental glasswork may be applied to gasaliers, chandeliers, lustres, pendants, stems for vases, cups, and épergnes, and glass table ornaments generally, and also to the legs or other portions of furniture.

Patent Abridgment 1870 3101

3101. Bowen, S. Nov. 26.

Annealing. — An apparatus is shown for moving sheets or articles of glass from stage to stage in a long chamber A, in which they are cooled after being flattened and annealed as usual. A trough B receives the apparatus, and allows the glass to be cooled on both sides at once. A frame C of bars runs on rollers D, while a similar upper frame E is connected to it by links F, to two of which are fixed handles H by which a to-and-fro and also an up-and-down motion may be given. The lower frame may be actuated by two racks I, which gear with pinions J actuated by a spindle and crank handle or by hand. The frame is slightly below the floor line of the chamber A; it is pushed back to its inner end, and one or more sheets of glass are placed over the trough B. The frame E is raised, the apparatus is then drawn outwards a certain distance, the frame E is lowered to deposit the glass on the floor, the apparatus is pushed back to receive the next sheets, and so on till the whole chamber from the warm to the cold end is occupied by glass, which is brought outside in the same manner and removed. If the sheets of glass are very wide, two frames may be arranged side by side in a double trough, with a longitudinal partition forming a middle bearing. The frames are connected at their outer ends and actuated simultaneously by the same lever and crank handle.

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Patent Abridgment 1870 3112

3112. Johnson, J. H., [Hyatt, T.]. Nov. 28.

Pressing; rolling; moulding. — In the manufacture of corrugated and embossed glass, for roofs, windows, partitions, screens, and other uses where illumination is required, sheets of blown glass are re-heated, if necessary, and corrugated by pressure between moulds by rolling or otherwise. The corrugated glass sheets are annealed in an oven, and may be used as shingles or tiles for roofs, being provided with nail or pin holes lined with lead or india-rubber. In making embossed glass for illuminating purposes, the sheet of glass is re-heated and pressed between embossing-plates or passed between embossing-rollers. It is then annealed. The desired designs or patterns are engraved &c. on the glass.

Patent Abridgment 1870 3166

3166. Bishop, S., and Bishop, C. Dec. 2.
Drawings to Specification.

Delivering molten metal. — The Provisional Specification describes a crane arrangement for carrying the glass from the melting-pots to the casting-table when casting plate or sheet glass. The crane, which may be fixed on movable wheels, has no windlass, the chain terminating in a hook for engaging a loose collar or ring on the ladle, which is filled by being dipped in the melted glass in the usual way. A modified form of crane may be used consisting of a pair of iron bars along which travel rollers to which the chain is attached.

Patent Abridgment 1870 3382

3382. Pilkington, W. W. Dec. 28.
[Provisional protection only.]

Perforating. — In order to make an aperture in the dome-like closed end of a sheet-glass cylinder to be opened out and flattened, a jet of burning carbonic oxide or other gas is directed upon it. The cylinder is then cut lengthwise, and afterwards flattened in the ordinary manner. The action of the jet may be accelerated by maintaining the air within the cylinder above or below atmospheric pressure.